peer pressure怎么读
peer pressure
英 [piə ˈpreʃə] 美 [pɪr ˈprɛʃɚ]
释义
同辈压力； 同侪压力； 同龄人压力；
用英文介绍高考
有一点多，你可以截取一下~
National Matriculation English Test
National Matriculation English Test is one of the most important and influential tests in China, many students in China expect to change their fates by taking this test. Students, parents and the whole society expect much of the reliability and validity of this test. Besides, the reliability and validity of NMET can be guaranteed only when the construction and content of the test are fair and scientific. As for these aspects, much remains to be done. This thesis takes the papers of Jiangsu province and points out what should be taken into consideration in selecting reading and writing materials.
No Chinese will deny the fact that NMET (National Matriculation English Test) is one of the most important and influential English tests to Chinese students. It has been playing such an important role in Chinese students’ life that many students devote three years , six years or even a longer time to it. There is no doubt that NMET is a valid and reliable test in terms of content validity, face validity and criterion –related validity.
Personally such an influential national test should not only be valid and reliable, but also should be fair to every candidate and have beneficial backwash effect on middle school English teaching and learning . It should be a guide to middle school teachers and students instead of misleading or confusing English teachers and students. As far as its validity and guidance are concerned, more efforts should be made in constructing tests to ensure content validity in reading and writing.
As a national or provincial test (now many provinces like Jiangsu, Anhui etc. have their own independent papers ), NMET must be fair to everybody, so its content shouldn’t bias any particular group or area. Generally, sex, race , region must be taken into account in the process of selecting reading materials. In other words, the content of the reading materials should be connected with students’ life and universal; they shouldn’t be too manly or too womanly, too northern or too southern , or biased a particular ethnic group. To be exact, if the content of the selected passage are familiar to a particular group, these candidates can work out the answers easily according to their general knowledge without fully understanding the reading passage, while the group who are very unfamiliar with the topic may spend much time figuring out the answers. For example, if a reading passage is about the introduction of a plant or an animal that is only native to the northern or southern areas, then the candidates from the north or the south will be more confident and can get answers more easily based on their common sense, but the candidates from the south will be at a disadvantage. Besides, the reading materials shouldn’t have close connection with a specific field. For instance, students of science are sure to be better at understanding a passage of physical or chemical experiment, while a passage about history are more favored by students of arts. In this case, test bias will arise and validity will be weaken.
Another aspect that needs improving ,in my opinion , is writing in NEMT. In recent years, there is a tendency that hot issues have got a place in NEMT. I would like to take Jiangsu NEMT as an example, the writing of 2005 is “A letter to High School Students in Jiangsu”, which centers around harmonious society, which is the main aim of our government . As for 2006, it is “Dos and Don’ts for the 2008 Olympic Volunteers” based on a report that 100,000 people will be chosen as volunteers for the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing. And the writing of 2007 is about a national student sports program advocated by the Ministry of Education on the morning of April 29,2007. All these topics are related to hot issues or current affairs of the year . The designs of the writing themselves have no problem, but they bring much trouble and confusion to middle school English teachers and students. On my part, English tests are not politics tests which traditionally focus on current affairs and hot issues of the times. Even if we should keep up with the times, our aim is to test students’ English writing ability,or rather, according to the teaching syllabus, to test students’ ability to express themselves clearly and correctly in certain given situations by using certain vocabulary, grammar and sentence patterns. But if examiners concentrate too much on current affairs, students who are interested in current affairs or those who happen to have read an English version of this issue will certainly gain an advantage over other candidates. As a result, the construct validity will be weakened. Besides, the tendency of writing about hot issues also have harmful backwash effect on English teaching and learning. Teachers dare not risk giving up a hot topic , and assign students one exercise after another related to hot issues. Students also show great interest in hot issues and constantly and anxiously ask teachers about the expressing of some hot issues. It seems that both teachers and students are eager to predict the testing content of the exam, and they are just trying to find a shortcut， which has a harmful backwash on both learning and teaching.
On the one hand, in order to help students get good results in the college entrance exam, teachers try to teach what is related to or good to college entrance exam, and ignore or leave out what has nothing to do with this exam but may be beneficial to students’ future English learning or all-round development. If teachers can not predict the content of the test, teachers will follow the teaching syllabus and help students cover more aspects rather than take the shortcut. On the other hand , there is also some possibility for some students who don’t work hard at English in their daily study to get good results in the college entrance exam if they work hard in the last two or three months, which leaves students an impression that English can be learned well in a very short time without much effort. It will make it more difficult for English teachers to persuade students to work hard at English in Senior Grade One or Two. What’s more, similar mechanic exercises can even make both students and teachers sick. The following is my personal experience. When 2008 NMET was approaching, students are forced to do papers flooded with Olympic Games and snow disaster and so on. We even got a paper serving as an exchange paper made by a famous school focusing on different aspects of the 2008 Olympic Games from multiple choice to cloze, reading and writing including the origin and shape of the Olympic torch, torch bearers, the route of the torch relay and so on. This phenomenon arises in that the past exams have such a tendency.
pears 这个单词中s怎么发音
s发|Z|。
pears
英[peəz] 美[pɛrz]
n.梨；
固定搭配：
Prickly Pears 仙人掌
Gerber Pears 香梨泥
the pears 梨子
britney pears 布兰妮
IMPORTER PEARS 美国采购商采购梨
扩展资料
近义词：
1、pear
中文：梨树；梨子
例句：
The team analysed tomato, apple, plum, peach, pear, grape and apricot waste such as the skin, revealing them all to be good sources of antioxidants. -peer
研究小组在对废弃的番茄，苹果，李子，桃，梨，葡萄，杏分析后表明，这些果皮都是抗氧化剂的较好资源。
2、pirus
中文：梨子
例句：
给我称两公斤梨。
I’d like two kilograms of pears, please.
